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Surgery 101

Welcome to Surgery 101, a series of podcasts produced with the help of the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada. The podcasts are intended to serve as brief introductions or reviews of surgical topics for medical students. We've aimed to cover a single topic in between 10-20 minutes so that you can quickly get a good idea of the basic concepts involved. Every episode is divided into chapters and concludes with several key points to summarize the topic. We are always keen to receive your feedback on our podcasts, and we are accepting suggestions for additional topics. 'Surgery 101' was created by Dr Parveen Boora and Dr Jonathan White, and is supported by the Department of Surgery at the University of Alberta. Our 2010 series of podcasts are brought to you by the Undergrad Surgery Mobile Podcasting Studio Team which is: Jonathan and many wonderful students, with the assistance of the surgeons of Edmonton.
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Now displaying: Page 27

 

Sign up for PREMIUM ACCESS for Surgery 101 Notes.

There are PDF Notes available for every Surgery 101 podcast. 

Apr 5, 2013

 

In this episode, Erin Boschee discusses melanoma. After listening to this episode, learners will be able to:

 

·      List risk factors for the development of melanoma

·      Describe how to diagnose and stage melanoma

·      Identify factors that affect prognosis

·      Describe the principles of the surgical treatment of melanoma

Mar 29, 2013

This week Surgery 101 is hosting another excellent educational video produced by our amazing medical students from Edmonton.

The video is ’The Sterile Field in the Operating Room (Don’t Touch That, Son!) ’, by Mitch Wilson.

[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Dki5jFlE8o&feature=player_embedded]

(Video hosted by YouTube, produced by M Wilson, 2012)

Mar 22, 2013

This week Surgery 101 is hosting another excellent educational video produced by our amazing medical students from Edmonton.

The video is '6 Weeks in the Life', by Lucas Dean & Mikayla Brenneis.

[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M8Qt2WEI5l0&feature=player_embedded#]

(Video hosted by YouTube, produced by Dean & Brenneis, 2012)

Mar 15, 2013

This week Surgery 101 is hosting another excellent educational video produced by our amazing medical students from Edmonton.

The video is 'Laparoscopic Intracorporeal Suturing', by Jimmy Wang.

[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i_cAtFutvXA&feature=plcphttp://]

(Video hosted by YouTube, produced by Wang, 2012)

Mar 8, 2013

This week Surgery 101 is hosting another excellent educational video produced by our amazing medical students from Edmonton.

The video is 'Laparoscopic Extracorporeal Suturing and Knot Tying', by Jimmy Wang.

[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eOoeqEaoyiw&feature=plcp]

(Video hosted by YouTube, produced by Wang, 2012)

Mar 1, 2013

This week Surgery 101 is hosting another excellent educational video produced by our amazing medical students from Edmonton.

The video is 'Laparoscopic Appendectomy', by Noah Switzer & Lillian Du.

[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GNyDooQQtZU&feature=youtu.behttp://]

(Video hosted by YouTube, produced by Switzer & Du, 2012)

Feb 22, 2013

 

The Surgery 101 Study

In this episode, Dr Jonathan White describes a study looking at how medical students use Surgery 101.

Feb 15, 2013

In this episode, Dr. Niels Jacobsen discusses bladder cancer.


After listening to this episode, learners will be able to:


• Describe the epidemiology and biology of bladder cancer
• List the risk factors associated with bladder cancer
• Describe the presentation, evaluation and staging of the patient who has bladder cancer
• Outline treatment options for patients with bladder cancer

Feb 8, 2013

In this episode, Dr Niels Jacobsen discusses renal cell carcinoma. After listening to this episode, learners will be able to:

  • Outline the epidemiology, risk factors and genetics of renal cell carcinoma
  • Describe the tumour biology and pathology of renal cell carcinoma
  • Describe how patients present with renal cell carcinoma
  • Outline how patients with the condition are diagnosed, staged and treated
Feb 1, 2013

This week Surgery 101 is hosting another excellent educational video produced by one of our amazing medical students from Edmonton.

The video is 'How To Do A Proper Knee Exam', by Marc Curial.

[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wrOAS397J_8&feature=channel_video_title]

(Video hosted by YouTube, produced by M Curial 2011)

Jan 25, 2013

This week Surgery 101 is hosting another excellent educational video produced by our amazing medical students in Edmonton.

The video is 'Three Interrupted Sutures', by Adam Hall & Kyle Rogan.

[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qGU4Pn4UnME&feature=em-share_video_user&noredirect=1]

(Video hosted by YouTube, produced by Rogan & Hall 2012, music by Aphex Twin & Mozart used under fair use provisions for educational purposes)

 

Jan 18, 2013

In this episode, Dr Jonathan White describes the process of making a Surgery 101 episode. Topics covered include:

·      Where does the idea for an episode come from?

·      Finding a speaker

·      The script

·      The recording

·      Post-production editing, music and sound effects

·      Upload, dissemination and monitoring

·      Calls for new episodes

Jan 15, 2013

I was recently interviewed by 'The Scalpel' this week, which is a newsletter produced by our medical school's undergraduate Surgery Club.

Other issues can be seen here:

http://surgery.med.ualberta.ca/Education/Education/Publications/Pages/default.aspx

What do you think is the appeal of surgical specialties as compared to medical specialties?

Hmmm. For me, I think it’s two things. Firstly, surgery gets things done, it makes an impact. We used to say “surgery is a doing word”, like it’s a verb. I mean, it makes a big difference for patients. You take out their appendix, they get better. You remove their cancer. You drain their infection. It’s not like prescribing a certain dose of a certain medicine and waiting to see what happens, and then adjusting the dose and waiting to see what happens again. I suppose there’s more instant gratification in surgery. The other thing is that it’s personal, you do it yourself, with your own hands. Of course, you work as part of a larger team of people, and you get to use cool instruments, but in the end it’s the surgeon who is the treatment. It’s you who’s making the difference, you’re doing the operation, you’re leading the team. That means when it goes well, you get a great sense of personal satisfaction, but when it goes badly that’s down to you too.
How did you decide on your surgical specialty?

I’m a general surgeon at the Royal Alexandra Hospital, but most of my elective practice is focused on colorectal surgery, so I spend a lot of time operating on the bowel. Choosing a direction for my career was a difficult decision for me - when I was a student I thought I wanted to be a family doctor, but after I graduated I got bitten by the surgery bug right away. I think it was the great team I worked on, the pace, the excitement and the way that patients got better quickly! I wish I could say that I considered a lot of other options, but really I was a general surgeon from the start. I liked the variety of practice, so many different operations to learn and every day being different. I also liked being a generalist, seeing patients with undifferentiated problems and having to make up a management plan on the spot. I also like making decisions based on limited information – for instance for the acute abdomen - you know something has gone wrong in there, but you don’t know what, so you just have to get in there and make up a plan on the spot. I suppose it can be fun working in a smaller speciality or doing a smaller range of operations, but I kind of like the unplanned, chaotic nature of general surgery. I’m always looking for something different, saying “right, what’s next?”
What does it take to be successful and happy in your specialty?

I’d say it’s the same as for any speciality. For a start, you have to be doing what you love, it doesn’t work if that’s not the case. If you’re like me, you’re getting up every morning looking forward to seeing what’s going to happen today. I’m not saying you won’t have down days now and then, but in general you’ve gotta love what I do.  Second, you’ve gotta like your patients. If you’re saying “oh God, another patient with condition X”, you can’t really be happy. I’m like “hey, another person with hemorrhoids, I wonder what’s different about this one?” And really, people are fascinating anyway. So you gotta be a people person. Next, I think you need some variety in your work. Operating is fine, but you don’t want to do it every single day. That would be like working in a factory. I spend a lot of time teaching, running courses, supervising students and doing research in education, that’s where I get variety too. Next, you need to have some sort of balance, like have something outside of work. Your family, your hobbies, a life outside that has nothing to do with medicine. Sometimes you need to get away. We always used to say “what would you do with your life if you couldn’t be a surgeon any more? Start doing that a little now, just in case.” Lastly, I couldn’t be happy without having someone to share all of this with, someone to tell my stories to. My wife is so wonderful, and I’m glad she isn’t a doctor, there are nights I come home and the last thing I want to talk about is work.
What advice would you give to medical students interested in your speciality?

If you think you might be interested in surgery, I’d advise doing some electives right from the start of medical school. Try out a few different things and work with different people to see what Surgery is really like. When you hit clerkship, it’s really easy to get bitten by the bug – I get a lot of students who say to me “I had a great time in the General Surgery clerkship, and I wanna be a surgeon!” I tell them not to get too excited just yet, go and check out all the other clerkships and if you still feel this way later in the year then come and talk to me again. Surgery isn’t for everyone, and you don’t want to make a rash decision – we want the best students in Surgery of course, but we want you to have considered all the other options and really know what you’re getting into.
How has your specialty changed in the recent past and where do you see it going in the future?

Your training gives you a set of general surgical skills, but you have to learn new operations in practice as they are developed. There are new operations and new devices coming along all the time, like laparoscopic surgery – they didn’t have that when I was a medical student! General Surgery has changed a lot - when I started training we did a wide range of operations including fractures, urology and plastic surgery, but since then we have become much more specialized. For instance, much of my work now is focused on colorectal problems, specifically colorectal oncology. It’s nice being an expert in a relatively small field, but I think we’re always going to need surgeons who can assess patients who get really sick really quick and decide what to do when the diagnosis is unclear.  You have to know what to do with the broad range of problems that come in when you’re on call. There’s a movement towards a new speciality called Acute Care Surgery which is focused on dealing with acutely sick patients like this. Further down the road, I think genomics, nanotech and robotics are going to make a huge impact on many aspects of medicine – time will tell what that ends up looking like.
If you were to retire tomorrow, what is your most memorable moment as a surgeon?

It’s tempting to remember some really cool or gross operation, or some really amazing case, but for me the most memorable thing has been the impact you make on the people you meet. The guy who shakes your hand and says “doc, you saved my life” 5 years after rectal cancer surgery. The lady who cries when you tell her you got the whole tumour out. The relative who gives you a big hug in the ICU after her mom dies. What we do is incredible, but the difference it makes to people is the most amazing bit for me, that’s what I’ll remember the most.

Jan 11, 2013

This week Surgery 101 is hosting another excellent educational video produced by our amazing medical students in Edmonton.

The video is 'Meniscectomy Operative Video', by Simon Byrns.

(Video hosted by YouTube, produced by Byrns 2012)

Jan 6, 2013

Here is a nice paper just published by Jin et al from the surgical education team at the University of Toronto, it's recommended reading!

"When cognitive resources reach their limit during critical and uncertain moments of an operation, the consumption of resources by the pressures of reputation and ego might interfere with the thought processes needed to execute the task at hand. Recognizing the effects of external social pressures may help the surgeon better self-regulate, respond mindfully to these pressures, and prevent surgical error."

Pressures to "Measure Up" in Surgery

Jan 6, 2013

Surgery 101 is kicking off 2013 with another excellent educational video produced by one of our amazing medical students from Edmonton.

Students work hard on their surgery rotations, so it's important to take some time to relax and to maintain your wellness, as Sharon Husak demonstrates in 'A Yoga Lesson in Surgery'. Happy stretching!

[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_C8AwT2nWQU]

(Video hosted by YouTube, produced by S Husak 2012)

Dec 29, 2012

A special Christmas treat!

Here is another excellent educational video produced by our awesome medical students from Edmonton.

The video is 'How to Be a Good Surgical Student: Chris and Moe's Awesome Guide to Success', by Chris Dyte and Muhammed Dhalla.

(Video hosted by YouTube, produced by Dyte & Dhalla 2012)

Dec 24, 2012

Happy Holidays!

 Dear Surgery 101 Friends

What a year 2012 has been – lots of adventures, plus we survived the Mayan Apocalypse!
This year has seen some big developments for the S101 team, and even more are coming in 2013.We wish all of our listeners around the world a happy and restful Christmas, and a peaceful and prosperous New Year!
Thanks for all your support, and see you in 2013!

Jonathan White

Dec 21, 2012

In this episode, Dr Jonathan White considers the ileo-anal pouch procedure for ulcerative colitis.

After listening to this podcast, learners will be able to:

• List the indications for IAPP surgery
• Describe what information a patient needs to know about IAPP
• Describe the functional outcomes of IAPP surgery

Dec 18, 2012

Our paper on the use of written comments in assessing medical students has just been published! The full title is: “Using written comments in team-based assessment to better understand medical student performance: a mixed-methods study”

Here is the abstract:

Background

Observation of the performance of medical students in the clinical environment is a key part of assessment and learning. To date, few authors have examined written comments provided to students and considered what aspects of observed performance they represent. The aim of this study was to examine the quantity and quality of written comments provided to medical students by different assessors using a team-based model of assessment, and to determine the aspects of medical student performance on which different assessors provide comments.

Methods

Medical students on a 7-week General Surgery & Anesthesiology clerkship received written comments on ‘Areas of Excellence’ and ‘Areas for Improvement’ from physicians, residents, nurses, patients, peers and administrators. Mixed-methods were used to analyze the quality and quantity of comments provided and to generate a conceptual framework of observed student performance.

Results

1,068 assessors and 127 peers provided 2,988 written comments for 127 students, a median of 188 words per student divided into 26 “Areas of Excellence” and 5 “Areas for Improvement”. Physicians provided the most comments (918), followed by patients (692) and peers (586); administrators provided the fewest (91). The conceptual framework generated contained four major domains: ‘Student as Physician-in-Training’, ‘Student as Learner’, ‘Student as Team Member’, and ‘Student as Person.’

Conclusions

A wide range of observed medical student performance is recorded in written comments provided by members of the surgical healthcare team. Different groups of assessors provide comments on different aspects of student performance, suggesting that comments provided from a single viewpoint may potentially under-represent or overlook some areas of student performance. We hope that the framework presented here can serve as a basis to better understand what medical students do every day, and how they are perceived by those with whom they work.

The provisional PDF is up now at BMC Med Ed – enjoy!

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