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Surgery 101

Welcome to Surgery 101, a series of podcasts produced with the help of the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada. The podcasts are intended to serve as brief introductions or reviews of surgical topics for medical students. We've aimed to cover a single topic in between 10-20 minutes so that you can quickly get a good idea of the basic concepts involved. Every episode is divided into chapters and concludes with several key points to summarize the topic. We are always keen to receive your feedback on our podcasts, and we are accepting suggestions for additional topics. 'Surgery 101' was created by Dr Parveen Boora and Dr Jonathan White, and is supported by the Department of Surgery at the University of Alberta. Our 2010 series of podcasts are brought to you by the Undergrad Surgery Mobile Podcasting Studio Team which is: Jonathan and many wonderful students, with the assistance of the surgeons of Edmonton.
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Now displaying: 2020

 

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There are PDF Notes available for every Surgery 101 podcast. 

Dec 16, 2020

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) attempts to restore normal physiologic function of the sinuses via correction of underlying anatomical abnormalities and obstruction. The term functional refers to strategies aimed at preserving the natural drainage pathways of the sinuses. It is important to note that FESS does not cure sinonasal disease but rather facilitates the healing process by improving sinus ventilation and drainage allowing for gradual resolution of mucosal disease. Post-surgical changes also facilitate the delivery of saline and intranasal steroid medications to the paranasal sinus cavities. In this episode, we will discuss the relevant anatomy, pathophysiology, clinical presentation and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with a specific emphasis on functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)

Learning Objectives

  1. Describe the anatomy and function of the paranasal sinuses
  2. Define functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)
  3. Define chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS)
  4. List the complications of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)
Dec 9, 2020

Hoarseness is a common complaint in primary care. It denotes a dysphonia originating from the vocal cords of the larynx. It describes any change in voice quality. It is important to remember it is a symptom of underlying pathology and not a diagnosis. In this episode, we will discuss the relevant anatomy, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of common causes of hoarseness.

By the end of this podcast, listeners will be able to:

  1. Define hoarseness
  2. Explain common etiologies contributing to hoarseness
  3. List the treatment options for the common causes of hoarseness 
Dec 3, 2020

This is the 4th episode in a 4-part series covering complications at the time of vaginal delivery.  This episode is brought to you by Leah Rusnell a fourth-year medical student at the University of Saskatchewan in Regina. Yesterday, we discussed the delivery of twins and in this episode, we’ll look at the management of umbilical cord prolapse.

After listening to this episode, listeners will be able to:

  1. List the risk factors for umbilical cord prolapse.
  2. Describe the signs of cord prolapse that should alert suspicion for the diagnosis.
  3. Outline a management plan for cord prolapse.
Dec 2, 2020

This is the 3rd episode of a four-part series covering complications at the time of vaginal delivery. This episode is brought to you by Leah Rusnell a fourth-year medical student at the University of Saskatchewan in Regina. The previous episodes discussed operative vagina delivery and the management of breech deliveries. This episode discusses the delivery of twins and the complications associated with them.

After listening to this episode, you will be able to:

1. Identify the types of twinning based on chorionicity and amnionicity.
2. List the predisposing factors for a twin or multiple gestation pregnancy and associated risks for the mother and fetuses.
3. Outline a prenatal management plan for a twin pregnancy.
4. List the different types of presentations at the time of vaginal delivery.
5. Outline the specific considerations required at the time of labor and delivery of twins.

Dec 1, 2020

This is the 2nd episode in a 4-part series covering complications at the time of vaginal delivery.  This episode is brought to you by Leah Rusnell a fourth-year medical student at the University of Saskatchewan in Regina. Yesterday, we discussed operative vagina delivery and in this episode, we'll look at the management of breech deliveries.

After listening to this episode, learners will be able to:

  1. Define the types of breech presentation.
  2. List the risk factors for breech presentation.
  3. Outline the timing, indications, contraindications, and technique required to perform an external cephalic version.
  4. Describe the controversy surrounding vaginal delivery of a breech baby.
  5. List the contraindications to planned vaginal breech delivery.
  6. List the requirements that must be met during the breech labor and delivery process.
Nov 30, 2020

This is the 1st episode in a 4-part series covering complications at the time of vaginal delivery.  This episode is brought to you by Leah Rusnell a fourth-year medical student at the University of Saskatchewan in Regina. Today we will discuss operative vagina delivery.

After listening to this episode, learners will be able to:

1. Classify OVDs, also known as operative vaginal deliveries, and discuss the instrument options available to perform an OVD.

2. Identify the indications for and contraindications to an OVD.

3. Identify the fetal and maternal risks associated with OVD in comparison to a caesarean section.

4. List the pre-requisites and steps required to perform an OVD.

Nov 2, 2020

In this episode, we are joined by Vivian Leung,  a 3rd-year medical student from McGill University.  She will be discussing a case titled: “Chloe has a chole”, and will be reviewing the management of acute cholecystitis.  Vivian will touch upon the guidelines for antibiotic therapy, indications for urgent cholecystectomy, and the concept of risk stratification, which will serve as key information in determining whether your patient will benefit most from a surgical, versus non-surgical, management of acute cholecystitis.

After listening to this podcast, students will be able to:

  • Recall and list classification factors of uncomplicated versus complicated acute cholecystitis
  • Recognize the importance and considerations of initiating antibiotic therapy
  • Describe the concept of risk stratifying patients into low risk, versus high-risk surgical patients, and their subsequent clinical management
Oct 30, 2020

In the episode 4th-year medical student Kaishan Aravinthan from the University of Saskatchewan discusses an overview of Zenker's Diverticulum.

After listening to this episode, learners will be able to:

  1. Define the term Zenker’s Diverticulum  
  2. Identify and list the signs and symptoms of Zenker’s Diverticulum  
  3. Discuss the role of imaging in diagnosing Zenker’s Diverticulum  
  4. List and describe the various treatment options for Zenker’s Diverticulum  
Oct 28, 2020

In this episode 4th-year medical student Kaishan Aravinthan from the University of Saskatchewan discusses an overview of chronic rhinosinusitis.

After listening to this episode, learners will be able to:

  1. Describe the patient presentation of Chronic Rhinosinusitis
  2. Identify the key signs and symptoms for the diagnosis of Chronic Rhinosinusitis
  3. Differentiate and list the types of medical and surgical therapy options
Oct 27, 2020

In this episode, with the help of Dr. Scott Penner, a general surgeon practicing in Cambridge Memorial Hospital, 2nd-year medical student McMaster University student Nivedh Patro discusses an overview of hiatal hernias.

After listening to this podcast, listeners should be able to:

  1. Define the different types of hiatal hernias
  2. Identify the main presenting symptoms of the different types of hiatal hernias, and distinguish emergent from non-emergent scenarios
  3. Describe the preoperative workup of hiatal hernias
Oct 21, 2020

In this podcast, Gaurav Talwar highlights some recent advances in the medical and surgical management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. He will build on the concepts introduced by Dr. White and Dr. Bistritz in their 2012 seven lecture series on IBD, so please be sure to listen to those podcasts as well.

By the end of this podcast, you should be able to:

  1. Describe recent advances in the medical management of IBD including the mechanisms and indications of current biologics, biosimilars, and Tofacitinib, a small molecule drug.
  2. Outline recent advances in the surgical management of IBD including the impact of minimally invasive techniques and the evolving role of surgery.
  3. Explain the all-important role of multidisciplinary care for patients with IBD.
Aug 31, 2020

Student Yasmin Valji discusses Mediastinal Masses.

After listening to this episode, learners will be able to:

-Describe the anatomy of the mediastinum

-List the differential differential diagnosis of mediastinal masses

-Describe the clinical presentation of an anterior mediastinal mass

-Develop an approach to work up and treatment of mediastinal masses

Aug 31, 2020

Student Yasmin Valji discusses chest tube insertion and removal. After listening to this episode, learners will be able to:

A) List the indications for chest tube insertion

B) Describe the proper positioning and insertion technique for tube thoracostomy

C) List the complications of chest tube insertion

D) Describe the mechanism how the chest drainage system works

E) Troubleshoot improperly functioning chest tubes

F) Determine when a chest tube can be removed and describe proper removal technique

Jun 3, 2020

The Surgery 101 Team provides some thoughts on the COVID-19 pandemic. Dr. Jonathan White, Shannon Erichsen, Michelle Lindberg, Kellie Wright-Tootoosis and Patrick Ciechanski.

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